https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases
# 环境准备
(1)在每个节点上添加 hosts 信息:
cat /etc/hosts
192.168.0.5 k8s-master
192.168.0.125 k8s-node01
(2)禁用防火墙:
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
(3)禁用SELINUX:
setenforce 0
cat /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
(4)创建/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf文件
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
(5)执行如下命令使修改生效:
modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
(6)安装 ipvs
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4
上面脚本创建了的/etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules文件,保证在节点重启后能自动加载所需模块。
-查看是否已经正确加载所需的内核模块
lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4
(7)安装了 ipset 软件包:
yum install ipset -y
为了便于查看 ipvs 的代理规则,最好安装一下管理工具 ipvsadm:
yum install ipvsadm -y
(8)同步服务器时间
yum install chrony -y
systemctl enable chronyd
systemctl start chronyd
chronyc sources
(9)关闭 swap 分区:
swapoff -a
(10)修改/etc/fstab文件,注释掉 SWAP 的自动挂载,使用free -m确认 swap 已经关闭。
swappiness 参数调整,修改/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf添加下面一行:
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
vm.swappiness=0
EOF
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
(11)接下来可以安装 Containerd
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum list | grep containerd
-可以选择安装一个版本,比如我们这里安装最新版本:
yum install containerd.io-1.4.4 -y
(12)创建containerd配置文件:
mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 替换配置文件
sed -i "s#k8s.gcr.io#registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
sed -i '/containerd.runtimes.runc.options/a\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ SystemdCgroup = true' /etc/containerd/config.toml
sed -i "s#https://registry-1.docker.io#https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
(13)启动Containerd:
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable containerd
systemctl restart containerd
在确保 Containerd安装完成后,上面的相关环境配置也完成了,现在我们就可以来安装 Kubeadm 了,我们这里是通过指定yum 源的方式来进行安装,使用阿里云的源进行安装:
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
然后安装 kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl(我安装的是最新版,有版本要求自己设定版本):
yum install -y kubelet-1.20.5 kubeadm-1.20.5 kubectl-1.20.5
设置运行时:
crictl config runtime-endpoint /run/containerd/containerd.sock
可以看到我们这里安装的是 v1.20.5版本,然后将 kubelet 设置成开机启动:
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
到这里为止上面所有的操作都需要在所有节点执行配置。
# 初始化集群
#初始化Master
然后接下来在 master 节点配置 kubeadm 初始化文件,可以通过如下命令导出默认的初始化配置:
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
然后根据我们自己的需求修改配置,比如修改 imageRepository 的值,kube-proxy 的模式为 ipvs,需要注意的是由于我们使用的containerd作为运行时,所以在初始化节点的时候需要指定cgroupDriver为systemd【1】
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
ttl: 24h0m0s
usages:
- signing
- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: 192.168.0.5
bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
criSocket: /run/containerd/containerd.sock
name: k8s-master
taints:
- effect: NoSchedule
key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
---
apiServer:
timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns:
type: CoreDNS
etcd:
local:
dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.20.5
networking:
dnsDomain: cluster.local
podSubnet: 172.16.0.0/16
serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
---
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
cgroupDriver: systemd然后使用上面的配置文件进行初始化:
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml
.....
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
.....
kubeadm join 192.168.0.5:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:446623b965cdb0289c687e74af53f9e9c2063e854a42ee36be9aa249d3f0ccec
拷贝 kubeconfig 文件
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
#添加节点
记住初始化集群上面的配置和操作要提前做好,
将 master 节点上面的 $HOME/.kube/config 文件拷贝到 node 节点对应的文件中,
安装 kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl,然后执行上面初始化完成后提示的 join 命令即可:
kubeadm join 192.168.0.5:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:446623b965cdb0289c687e74af53f9e9c2063e854a42ee36be9aa249d3f0ccec
see this node join the cluster
kubectl get nodes
如果忘记了上面的 join 命令可以使用命令
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
执行成功后运行 get nodes 命令:
kubectl get no
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master NotReady control-plane,master 29m v1.20.5
k8s-node01 NotReady <none> 28m v1.20.5
可以看到是 NotReady 状态,这是因为还没有安装网络插件,接下来安装网络插件,
可以在文档 https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/ 中选择我们自己的网络插件,
这里我们安装 calio:
wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.8/manifests/calico.yaml
# 因为有节点是多网卡,所以需要在资源清单文件中指定内网网卡
vi calico.yaml
......
spec:
containers:
- env:
- name: DATASTORE_TYPE
value: kubernetes
- name: IP_AUTODETECTION_METHOD # DaemonSet中添加该环境变量
value: interface=eth0 # 指定内网网卡
- name: WAIT_FOR_DATASTORE
value: "true"
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR # 由于在init的时候配置的172网段,所以这里需要修改
value: "172.16.0.0/16"
......
安装calico网络插件
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
隔一会儿查看 Pod 运行状态:
kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-bcc6f659f-zmw8n 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 7m58s
calico-node-c4vv7 1/1 Running 0 7m58s
calico-node-dtw7g 0/1 PodInitializing 0 7m58s
coredns-54d67798b7-mrj2b 1/1 Running 0 46m
网络插件运行成功了,node 状态也正常了:
kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready control-plane,master 47m v1.20.5
k8s-node01 Ready <none> 46m v1.20.5
用同样的方法添加另外一个节点即可。
配置命令自动补全
yum install -y bash-completion
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
https://os.51cto.com/art/202103/652065.htm